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Oct 07, 2024
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CH 223 General Chemistry 3 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab Hours: 3 Credits: 5
Covers the rates and mechanisms of chemical reactions; fundamentals of chemical equilibrium; acid-base equilibria; ionic equilibria in aqueous systems; free energy concepts; voltaic/electrolytic cells; solid state and organic chemistry. Third of a three-term sequence designed for students majoring in scientific, engineering and medical fields.
Prerequisite: Placement into WR 115 (or higher), or completion of WR 090 (or higher); and completion of CH 222 ; or consent of instructor. (All prerequisite courses must be completed with a grade of C or better.) Student Learning Outcomes:
- Generate and test scientific models in a logical and objective manner and use them to explain observed natural phenomena.
- Collect, organize and analyze data and identify key trends and relationships.
- Perform experiments safely, make clear observations, summarize data in tables, interface computers to chemical sensors, maintain laboratory notebooks and write clear and concise laboratory reports.
- Critically compare and contrast the rates of chemical reactions and their position of equilibrium.
- Develop and apply techniques for calculating and measuring the pH of solutions containing acids, bases, salts and buffers.
- Construct and evaluate voltaic and electrolytic cells and demonstrate how they function under real-world conditions within batteries, fuel cells, corrosion, commercial electrolytic cells and biological applications.
Statewide General Education Outcomes:
- Gather, comprehend, and communicate scientific and technical information in order to explore ideas, models, and solutions and generate further questions.
- Apply scientific and technical modes of inquiry, individually, and collaboratively, to critically evaluate existing or alternative explanations, solve problems, and make evidence-based decisions in an ethical manner.
- Assess the strengths and weaknesses of scientific studies and critically examine the influence of scientific and technical knowledge on human society and the environment.
Content Outline
- Equilibrium: The Extent of Chemical Reactions
- Dynamic nature of the equilibrium state
- Reaction quotient, reaction direction and the equilibrium constant
- Using the ICE Scheme to solve equilibrium problems
- Effects of concentration, pressure and temperature changes on the position of equilibrium
- Acid-Base Equilibria
- Acids/bases in water, the autoionization of water and the pH scale
- Proton transfer, Bronsted-Lowry Theory and conjugate acids/bases
- Solving weak acid-base equilibria problems
- Molecular structure and acid strength
- Hydrolysis of ions in aqueous salt solutions
- Electron-Pair Transfer and Lewis Acid-Base Theory
- Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems
- Equilibria of acid-base buffer systems
- Equilibria of slightly soluble ionic compounds
- Equilibria of coordination compounds and complex ions
- Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work
- Half-reactions and electrochemical cells
- Voltaic cells: Using spontaneous reactions to generate electrical energy
- Cell potential: Output of a voltaic cell
- Concentration cells
- Batteries, corrosion, and electrolytic cells: Cellular production of ATP
- Solid State
- Chemical bonds
- Networking materials and unit cells
- Alloys
- Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon
- The Special Nature of Carbon and the Characteristics of Organic Molecules
- The Structures and Classes of Hydrocarbons
- Some Important Classes of Organic Reactions
- Properties and Reactivity of Common Functional Groups
- The Monomer-Polymer Theme: Synthetic and Biological Macromolecules
- Laboratory Experiments
- Determination of an equilibrium constant
- Studying the factors that affect equilibria (Le Châtelier’s Principle)
- Preparation and analysis of solutions
- Identification of an unknown diprotic acid by electrochemical titration
- Qualitative analysis of a solution
- Building and analyzing voltaic cells (batteries)
- Electrolytic cells and their importance in industrial processes
- Properties and size of an organic molecule
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