GS 105 General Science: Chemistry

1. Explain how chemistry is alive, involved, and relevant to everyone’s life.
2. Relate chemistry principles to observed chemical properties.
3. Apply mathematical principles to evaluate atomic models and activity.
4. Use mathematical principles to predict protons, neutrons, and electrons, and electrons in an atom.
5. Analyze the risk/benefit of fusion/fission to society.
6. Apply the properties of mixtures to both freshwater and wastewater treatment facilities and evaluate the cost/benefit of various treatment options.
7. Perform experiments safely, make clear observations and summarize data in laboratory reports.
8. Observe and interpret results of chemical reactions.
9. Use chemical equations to explain observed natural phenomena in our air and water.
10. Evaluate the chemical reactions of the foods and drugs which humans consume.
11. Describe science as a human endeavor.
12. Categorize and classify household substances as acids or bases through the laboratory application of pH indicators.
13. Evaluate chemically the effect of pollution on our air, lakes, and oceans.
14. Apply oxidation/reduction principles to predict products of corrosion, combustion, and fuel cells.
15. Discuss periodic properties of the elements, energy flow in chemical systems and the role of intermolecular forces on the properties of liquids and solids.

Statewide General Education Outcomes: 

1.   Gather, comprehend, and communicate scientific and technical information in order to explore ideas, models, and solutions and generate further questions; 

2.   Apply scientific and technical modes of inquiry, individually, and collaboratively, to critically evaluate existing or alternative explanations, solve problems, and make evidence-based decisions in an ethical manner;  

3.   Assess the strengths and weaknesses of scientific studies and critically examine the influence of scientific and technical knowledge on human society and the environment.  

Content Outline
Required textbook for college credit: World of Chemistry, Essentials Joesten, Wood, & Hogg 4th edition. 

• Atoms and the Periodic Table
  • Chemical arts and the origins of modern chemistry
  • Elements and atoms
  • Protons, neutrons, isotopes, atomic mass
  • Periods and groups
  • Trends in key atomic properties
• Atomic Models          
  • The scientific approach; developing a model
  • Physical models
  • Conceptual models
• Identifying Atoms and Light Emission
  • Spectroscopy
  • Quantum hypothesis
  • Atomic spectra and the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom
  • The wave-particle duality of matter and energy
  • Probability clouds and atomic orbitals
  • Shell model
• Atomic Nucleus
  • Radioactivity
  • Alpha, beta, gamma rays
  • Environmental radiation
  • Strong nuclear force
  • Half-lives, isotopic dating
  • Transmutation of the elements
  • Fission and fusion
• Elements of Chemistry
  • Physical and chemical properties
  • Physical and chemical changes
  • Elements and compounds
  • Naming compounds
  • Chemical equations
• Mixtures (Classifications, Separations, and Applications)
  • Separations
  • Classifications
    • Homogenous
    • Heterogeneous
    • Solutions
    • Suspensions
  • Saturated, unsaturated, moles and molarities
  • Water purification
  • Wastewater treatment
• Atomic Bonding
  • Writing Lewis dot structures
  • Ion formation
  • Covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds
  • Polar covalent bonds
  • Depicting molecular shapes and polarity
• Molecular Attractions
  • Ion, dipole, induced dipole
  • Solubility
  • Soaps and detergents
  • Water softeners
• Chemical Reactions
  • Reaction rates
  • Catalysts
  • Forms of energy and their interconversion
    • Enthalpy, Bond energies, and heats of reaction
    • Exothermic, endothermic
  • Relative masses of atoms and molecules
  • Molar mass
• Acids and Bases
  • Proton transfer
  • Neutralization products
  • Relative strengths
  • Acidic, basic, neutral solutions
  • pH scale
  • Acidic rainwater/basic ocean water
  • Buffer solutions
• Oxidation and Reduction
  • Gaining/losing electrons/flowing electrons
  • Fuel cells
  • Electrolysis
  • Corrosion and Combustion
• Organic Compounds
  • Hydrocarbons/distillation
  • Unsaturated hydrocarbons
  • Functional groups
  • Polymers