CH 212 Chemistry For Engineers Prep 2

Lecture Hours: 1
Credits: 1

Provides guided study in topics and problem solving skills beyond that provided in CH 202. Covers Lewis structures, VESPR theory, shapes and polarity of molecules, intermolecular forces, crystal structure, reaction rates, rate laws, reaction mechanisms, acids and bases, chemical equilibrium, spontaneous changes, free energy, voltaic and electrolytic cells, coordination compounds, organic structure, and polymer chemistry.

Prerequisite: Placement into WR 115 (or higher), or completion of WR 090 (or higher) with a grade of C or better; or consent of instructor.
Student Learning Outcomes:

Estimate uncertainties inherent in scientific measurements and calculations and report answers to the correct number of significant figures.
Relate the bonding, structure and reactivity of the main-group elements to their atomic and periodic properties.
Predict the dominate intermolecular forces between molecules and the effects of those forces.
Use crystal structure to determine radii of atoms.
Contrast rates of chemical reactions and their position of equilibrium.
Use the “ICE” scheme to correctly solve equilibrium problems.
Relate pH to the acid equilibrium constant and the extent of dissociation.
Use free energy to determine the direction of chemical changes and how temperature affects spontaneity.
Construct and explore batteries and how they function under nonstandard conditions.
Evaluate electrolytic cells and nonspontaneous reactions.
Relate the structures of organic and inorganic polymers to their monomer structures.
Collect, organize and analyze data and identify key trends and relationships.

Content Outline

Models of Chemical Bonding
- Atomic properties and chemical bonds
- Ionic bonding model
- Covalent bonding model
- Bond energy and chemical change
- Electronegativity and bond polarity
Shapes of Molecules
- Depicting molecules and ions with Lewis structures
- Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VESPR) and molecular shape
- Molecular shape and molecular polarity
Theories of Covalent Bonding
- Valence Bond (VB) Theory and Orbital Hybridization
- Types of covalent bonds
Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes
- Overview of physical states and phase changes
- Quantitative aspects of phase changes
- Types of intermolecular forces
- Solid state: structure, properties, and bonding
Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions
- Factors that influence reaction rate
- Expressing the reaction rate
- The rate law and it’s components
- Integrated rate laws: concentration changes over time
- Effects of temperature on reaction rate
- Explaining the effects of concentration and temperature
- Reaction mechanisms: steps in the overall process
- Catalysis: Speeding up a Chemical Reaction
Equilibrium: The extent of Chemical Reactions
- Equilibrium states and the equilibrium constant
- Reaction quotients and the equilibrium constant
- Reaction Direction: Comparing Q and K
- Solving equilibrium problems
- Reaction conditions and the equilibrium state: Le Chatelier’s Principle
Acid-Base Equilibria
- Acids and bases
- Autoionization of water and pH scale
- Proton Transfer
- Solving problems involving weak-acid equilibria
- Weak bases and their relation to weak acids
- Acid-base properties of salt solutions
Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and Direction of Chemical Reactions
- Second law of thermodynamics: predicting spontaneous changes
- Calculating the change in entropy of a reaction
- Entropy, free energy, and work
- Free energy, equilibrium and reaction direction
Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work
- Redox reactions and electrochemical cells
- Voltaic cells: using spontaneous reactions to generate electrical energy
- Cell potential: output of a voltaic cell
- Free energy and electrical work
- Electrochemical processes in batteries
- Corrosion: environmental electrochemistry
- Electrolytic cells: using electrical energy to drive nonspontaneous reactions
Coordination Compounds
- Coordination numbers
- Geometries
- Ligands
- Equilibria involving complex ions
Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon
- Characteristics of organic molecules
- Structures and classes of hydrocarbons
- Classes or organic reactions
- Monomers/polymers-addition polymers
- Monomers/polymers-condensation polymers